About Journal

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering (IJCE) is a scientific journal in Civil Engineering Sciences. The journal aims to publish original and valuable research articles on the latest innovations in civil engineering. IJCE is published by the University of Anbar- College of engineering under the regulations of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research since 2005 and it is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License CC BY 4.0.The journal is open access and a double-blind peer-review journal and it is issued quarterly. The abundance of original and valuable...
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Journal Information

Publisher: University of Anbar

Email:  ijce@uoanbar.edu.iq

Editor-in-chief: Professor Dr. Khamis Naba Sayl

Print ISSN: 1992-7428

Online ISSN: 2706-686X

Machine Learning Model for Estimation of Local Scour Depth around Cylindrical Bridge Piers

Ahmed Ali; Muhammad Ashiq; Saman Ebrahimi; M.SOBHI AKRAM AL ASTA; Mahdis Khorram

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 1-13
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2022.160201

Scour around bridge piers is a well-known threat to bridge stability worldwide. It can cause losses in lives and the economy, especially during floods. Therefore, an artificial intelligence approach called artificial neural network (ANN) was used to predict the scour depth around bridge piers. The ANN model was trained with laboratory data, including pier width, flow velocity, particle diameter, sediment critical velocity, flow depth, and scour depth. The data was divided into 70% for training, 15 for validation, and 15% for testing. Besides, the ANN model was trained using various training algrthins and a single hidden layer with 20 neurons in the hidden layer. The results showed that the ANN model with Bayesian regularization backpropagation training algorithm provides a better predicted scour depth with a correlation coefficient (R) equal to 0. 9692 and 0.926 for training and test stages, respectively. Besides, it showed a low mean squared error (MSE), which was 0.0034 for training and 0.0066 for the test. These results were slightly better than the ANN with Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation with  R training equals 0.9552 (MSE training = 0.0047), and R test equals 0.838 (MSE test = 0.007).On the other hand, the ANN model with a scaled conjugate gradient backpropagation training algorithm showed worse predictions (R training = 0.7407  and R test = 0.6409). Besides, the ANN model shows better outcomes than the linear regression model. Finally, the sensitivity analysis has shown that the pier width is the most crucial parameter for estimating scour depth using the ANN model.

Evaluation of Incorporating CKD and RAP on the Performance of Cohesive Soil

Salman A. Saeed; Ahmed H. Abdulkareem; Duraid M. Abd

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 14-22
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2022.160202

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of adding recycled materials such as CKD and RAP to weak cohesive soils, in addition to evaluate the change in the strength of these soils. This study was conducted on soil type MH, and only RAP particles finer than 10 mm were used in preparing the mixtures. 7, 14, and 28 days were selected as curing periods for soil- CKD and soil- CKD- RAP mixtures to obtain the effect of curing periods on soil improvement. The results showed that adding 20% of CKD to the natural soil increased the unconfined compression strength UCS from 0.43 MPa to 2.6 MPa at a 28-day curing period. Also, the results showed that adding 25% of RAP to the soil- 20% CKD mixture increased the UCS value to 5.3 MPa after 28 days of the curing period. The final results showed that the optimum contents of CKD and RAP added to the cohesive soil were 20% and 25%, respectively, while the optimum curing period was 28 days

Compressibility Characteristics of an Organic Soil Treated with Fly Ash and Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer

Sarah K. Ameen; Ahmed H. Abdulkareem; Nabeel S. Mahmood

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 23-29
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2022.160203

Organic soils are problematic soil for various engineering applications due to their high compressibility and low shear strength which need to be improved. For many soil improvement techniques, using waste materials, such as fly ash (FA), is a practical and sustainable process. In this research, FA and geopolymer were used e used to reduce organic soil's compressibility. A one-dimensional consolidation test was performed to evaluate the organic soil's consolidation and compressibility properties. The geopolymer was prepared using 20% FA and of sodium hydroxide ratio and sodium silicate alkali solutions. The geopolymer specimens were first cured for 2 hours at 45 and 65 oC, then cured for further 28 days at room temperature. The consolidation test results showed that FA-based geopolymer is effective in stabilizing organic soils due to the observed improvement in the compressibility, consolidation, and permeability characteristics. The compression index decreased by 98.16%, and the permeability decreased by 95%.

Investigating Wind Direction Influence on Wind-Generated Waves Using Delft 3D for Gaza Strip Coast

Anass Alqatanani; Ayşe Yeter GÜNAL; M.SOBHI AKRAM AL ASTA; Abdallah Jaroun; Adnan Al-Masri

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 30-43
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2022.160204

Wind and water levels influence wave overtopping and consequent coastal flood threat, which is especially important in hyper-tidal bays where even modest variations in wave heights may be devastating if they coincide with high tides. The influence of wind and wave characteristics on wave propagation, as well as the sensitivity of significant wave height, are numerically investigated along the Gaza Strip's beachfront as an example. Wind waves with a high amplitude and short duration are susceptible to opposing winds, and their steepening effect varies throughout the bay shoreline, underlining the impact of shoreline geometry and bathymetry on wave hazard. The findings contribute to our existing knowledge of the complex interplay between wind and waves, as well as the crucial variables that maximize danger and hazard variability along the coastline. The findings of this study can assist port and harbor managers prevent financial losses due to downtime, influence sustainable coastal sea defense design, and better understand how wave danger may change in the future owing to shifting storm tracks. The findings can also be used to improve coastal infrastructure design and disaster response planning.
Two scenarios were investigated with a wind direction of 330 and 30. It seems that when the wind direction is 330, it produces a higher Hs of 1.2 m and relatively larger wave return period with a range of 12-22 s and a higher wave energy dissipation of 220 N/Ms. In contrast, when the wind direction is 30, it produces a smaller HS of 1m with a short wave return period of 15-17s and smaller wave energy dissipation of 120 N/Ms. Overall, a wind direction of 30 has fewer occurring chances over the year but it seems to produce a destructive wave that are spread over the whole coast with a rapid return period.

Compressive and Impact Loads' Effects on The Behaviour of SIFCON Made of Plastic Waste Fibers

Anas Khudhair Yass Al-Hadithi; Abdulkader Ismail Al-Hadithi

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 44-54
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2022.160205

SIFCON is a relatively new material and consists of slurry (cement or cement and sand), water, super plasticizers (water reducers) and fibers. In all previous research, steel fibers and other types of fibers were used, but in this study, waste plastic fibers Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) created by cutting carbonated beverage bottles were used for the first time in the production of SIFCON.
  Three volume ratios (3%, 6% and 10%) of the total volume of the concrete mixture were used to add fibers in different volume ratios, and a reference concrete mixture was created for comparison. Tests of compressive strength, impact resistance, ultrasound transmission velocity check and other tests were performed on the constructed models. Compared with the reference concrete, according to the analysis of the results. The results showed an improvement in the compressive strength it increased by (18.5%), an increase in the impact resistance by (416.67%), and a decrease in the velocity of ultrasound by (19.42%).

Uniform Step Loading of a Partial Interaction Composite Beam

Shaimaa Karem Mohammed Al-Joani; Nahidh H. Kurdi

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 55-69
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2022.160206

In the present paper, a one-dimensional finite element model for the analysis of composite beams of partial interaction is constructed. This model was verified against some analytical results available in the literature and achieved very good agreement with the natural frequencies and the time histories it was compared to. Then it was utilised to analyse partial interaction composite beams under the effect of uniform step loads and provided important information about the expected dynamic amplification factors, which turned out to be particularly high, and the effects of the linear stiffness ratio of the interface and the boundary conditions of the lower layer of the beam. The results, in particular, showed that even for extreme cases the orders of magnitude of the slip and the corresponding uplift remain the same. This pointed out an important finding that the uplift in the researched context, at least, is not negligible as it is widely assumed in the literature.

Evaluation Affecting of Traffic Characteristics on CO Emission: Ramadi Network as a Case Study

Asama Ismail Zadine; Hamid Awad; Adil Nahir Abd

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 70-75
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2022.160207

The reduction of gases emissions as one of its most significant long-term strategies in any country in the world. Many Iraqi cities suffered from the uncontrolled increasing in the number of vehicles which has a positive relationship with the emission of gases especially the carbon monoxide. This study aims to evaluate the effect of traffic characteristics such as logarithm of average flow, the percentage of heavy vehicles, and free flow speed on the emission of carbon monoxide. The study selected the main roads in Al- Ramadi network, the data was collected for traffic characteristics and carbon monoxide between 2018 to 2020. A random parameters approach was used to develop a model to estimate the carbon monoxide emission for 345 roadway segments, this approach was used due to the ability of this method to account the heterogeneity that raised from the traffic characteristics which led to predict more accurate results than other approaches. The results of the random parameters model show that the carbon monoxide emission increased due to increase of logarithm of average flow, the percentage of heavy vehicles, and free flow speed. The model results show that the parameters of logarithm of average flow, the percentage of heavy vehicles, and free flow speed was varied a cross the roadway segments.

Pavement Crack Monitoring: Literature Review

Mohammad Fahad; Richard Nagy; Lin Guangpin; Szabolcs Rosta

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 76-89
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2022.160208

Crack monitoring of pavements is an ever-evolving technology with new crack identification technologies being introduced frequently. Although older technologies consisted of physical removing the pavement section using coring, however new methods are available that are non-destructive and yield a higher performance than conventional technologies. This paper compiles various crack monitoring technologies such as wireless sensor networks, photo imaging, laser imaging, 3D road surface profile scans, acoustics wave propagation technology, embedded strain sensors and onboard vehicle sensors that majorly use an artificial intelligence algorithm to identify and categorize the cracks. The research also includes the use of convolutional neural network that can be used to analyze pavement images and such neural network can localize and classify the cracks for crack initiation and propagation stage. The research concludes with the favor of using the optical imaging technology called Syncrack which serves better performance in terms of time of prediction by 25% and accuracy by 30% when compared to other sensing technologies.

Investigate the Fresh and Hardened Properties of Shotcrete Concrete Contains Different Types of Plastic Fibers

Abdulfatah Abdulwahid Jawhar; Abdulkader Al-Hadithi; Yousif A. Mansoor

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 90-100
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2022.160209

Adding fibers to the shotcrete concrete mixes is very important to increase the load carrying capacity, toughness, and reducing crack propagations by bridging the cracks. On the other hand, this fiber has an effect on the fresh and hardened properties of shotcrete. In this study, fresh properties evaluated by using slump flow, , and segregation resistance tests. Hardened properties included testing of air voids, dry density, water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), compressive strength, and flexural strength. This works including two types of fibers in three forms (waste plastic (PET)fibers only, polypropylene fibers (PP) only, and hybrid fiber (PET and PP)), each form added by three percentages (0.35%, 0.7%, and 1%) by volume.The results showed that the addition of 1% of all types of fiber has a negative impact on fresh properties. Especially in shotcrete containing waste plastic fiber. Also, all specimens containing fibers showed a decrease in the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and an increase in air voids and water absorption compared to the reference specimens. Also, the results clarify that the addition of waste plastic fiber to shotcrete led to a slight decrease in dry density. The highest increasing in compressive strength of shotcrete recorded by about 8.2% with using 0.35% PP fiber and highest decreasing was 20.9% with using 1% waste plastic fiber. the highest increasing in flexural strength was 62 with using 1% PP fibers.

Investigation of Permanent Deformation in Iraqi Highways- Iraqi Expressway No.1 as a Case Study

Ammar Mutleg; Muayad A. Al-Sharrad; Duraid Muayed Abd

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 101-117
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2022.160210

Pavement rutting as a permanent deformation is a major type of distress in flexible pavements. In Iraq, the rutting in Expressway pavements represents a severe problem due to its widespread, and high severity and distress density levels. Therefore, driving is profoundly dangerous and causes severe damage to the vehicle’s parts and the life of its riders. To date, the number of comprehensive research on pavement rutting has been limited in Iraq, owing to several technical, logistic, and economic considerations. The current research studies the major mechanisms responsible for rutting and evaluates the structure of the Iraqi Expressway No.1 at selected sections. The work encompasses field and laboratory aspects. The field work involved; performing field surveys to investigate the pavement rutting condition and its extension with depth, characterizing pavement layers in terms of geometric material properties, and collecting field samples for lab tests. The laboratory work was detailed and included; performing a set of standard lab tests on samples taken from the asphalt, the subbase, and the subgrade layers as well as the natural ground. In addition, the project’s archive was searched for specific design information and limitations. In order to assess pavement rutting in the selected sections of Expressway No.1/R9 (A and B), two well-established evaluators were considered; The rutting severity levels and the distress density.

Analysis of flexural behavior of one-way reinforced concrete slab casted by shotcrete contain various types of plastic fibers

Abdulfatah Abdulwahid Jawhar; Yousif A. Mansoor; Abdulkader Ismail Al-Hadithi

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 118-128
DOI: 10.37650/ijce..2022.160211

The design of reinforced concrete structures has traditionally relied on empirical techniques based on experience or experimental research on actual structural members. Although this approach produces a high level of precision, it is usually exceedingly costly and time-consuming. This paper studied the convergence between theoretical analysis (ACI 318-19 Equations) and numerical analysis (FEM) of eleven one way reinforced concrete slab specimens casted by shotcrete contains three types of plastic fibers including waste plastic (PET), polypropylene (PP), and hybrid (PET+PP) fibers with three addition ratios (0.35%, 0.7%, and 1%) for each type. The results concluded that the numerical analysis (ANSYS FE model) showed a good agreement with the theoretical (ACI 318-19) of one-way slab in terms of ultimate load, with a variance, and standard deviation equal to 0.00076, and 0.027 respectively. Hence, ANSYS v15 software can be used for the analysis of reinforced concrete slabs casted by shotcrete contain waste plastic fibers and polypropylene fibers.

The Dilemma at Signalized Intersection Dilemma Zone

Mehdi I. AL-Kubaisi

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2009, Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 75-88
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2009.14181

AbstractWhen drivers are approaching a signalized intersection at the onset of ayellow change interval, they must decide whether to stop or cross theintersection. This can be a difficult decision when the vehicle is locatedwithin the dilemma zone and the result is sometimes a rear-end crash due to asudden stop. Dilemma zone is defined as an area close to an intersection inwhich a vehicle can neither stop safely before the intersection nor clear theintersection without speeding before the red signal comes on. This research studiesthe driver behavior during the amber onset in the signalized intersection.One signalized intersection was selected in Damascus city to collect data forthis purpose. Data was collected using video recording technique. Data wereabstracted, processed and analyzed using programs developed for this purpose. Thestudy examined 226 drivers on the amber onset, 42.47% of them were found to beconflicted by the dilemma zone phenomenon. 51.25% of them conflicted withaccelerating, 42.5% who stopped abruptly, and 6.25% who passed during the redsignal.Key words: dilemma zone, amber onset, clearing distance, stopping distance

Producing of eco-friendly lightweight concrete using waste polystyrene particles as aggregates with adding waste plastic

Saad J. Mohammed; Abdulkader I. Al-Hadithi; Shamil K. Ahmed

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2018, Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages 45-56
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2018.142407

This research includes studying the possibility of producing a new kind of No-fines concrete by replacing granules of coarse aggregates with grains results from the fragmentation of industrial waste of polystyrene. This replacing were with different volumetric proportions of coarse aggregate, and theses volumetric ratios were equal to (5%, 10%, 15% and 25%). Waste plastic fibers (WPFs) resulting from cutting of soft drinks bottles were added for strengthening this new kind of concrete. Mixing ratio was equal to (1:5) (cement: coarse aggregate) by weight. One reference mix was produced for comparative purpose. Compressive strength, flexural strength and density tests were conducted, it was examined three samples of each examination and taking the average.
Compressive strength values of the new sustainable concrete were ranged from 10 MPa to 12.4 MPa at age of test equal to 28 days, while the average value of the density of this concrete at the same age reaches 1930 kg/m3. This average value of modulus of rupture was equal to 2.36 MPa at 28-day age test.

Ductility and Toughness of Unsymmetrical CFRP Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams

Abdulsalam M. Njeman; Akram S. Mahmoud

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2018, Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages 10-25
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2018.142404

The use of externally bonded composite materials such as carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) sheets is a modern and convenient way for strengthening and repairing reinforced concrete (RC) beams. This study presents experimental investigations on the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened by unsymmetrical CFRP sheets with various configurations. Effects of number of which strengthened faces of strengthening and fiber direction on the flexural strength of RC beams are examined. Six RC beams with dimensions of 100 mm * 220 mm were casted and tested under two points loading. One beam considered as a reference (unstrengthened) beam. Five residual beams were strengthened using CFRP sheets with various configurations. From the results, it was observed that all strengthened beams showed higher ultimate load capacity than that of the control beam. On the other hand, it was found that a progressive reduction in flexural ductility and toughness of beams with strengthening in one face and two faces with horizontal fiber direction. The highest decrease in flexural ductility and toughness for strengthened beams with horizontal fiber direction in comparison to control beam were 63% and 54%, respectively. On the contrary, the flexural ductility and toughness of strengthened beams increased with strengthening by vertical fiber direction. Additionally, the maximum percentage of increase in flexural ductility and toughness were 41% and 54%, respectively in comparison with control beam.

Stress-Strain Relationship for Steel-Fiber Reinforced Polymer Modified Concrete under Compression

Dr.Abdulkader Ismail Al- Hadithi; Ameer Abdulrahman Al- Dulaimy; Dr .Saeed Khalaf Rejib

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 19-30
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2016.106759

The present study, concern about an experimental work to study the stress-strain relationship of steel-fiber reinforced polymer modified concrete under compression.
Four different mixes with weight proportions of (1:2:4) were used as; normal weight concrete (NC), polymer modified concrete (PMC) with (10%) of cement weight and two mixes of steel-fiber polymer modified concrete with (1%) and (2%) volume fraction of steel fiber, (SMPC).
The influences of polymer and fiber addition on peak stress, strain at peak stress and the stress-strain curve were investigated for concrete mixes used. For all selected mixes, cubes (150×150×150mm) were made for compressive strength test at (28) days while stress-strain test was caried out on cylinders (150 mm  300 mm) at the same age.
Results showed an improvement in compressive strength of polymer modified concrete (PMC) over reference mix, the maximum increase of it was (13.2 %) at age of (28) days. There is also an increase in compressive strength with increasing of steel fibers content with comparison to normal concrete, the maximum increases of it were (19.6% and 25.2%) of mixes with 1% and 2% fiber content by volume respectively. In terms of modulus of elasticity, the addition of polymer and the presence of fibers cause a significant increase in it.
The peak of stress- strain curve for normal strength concrete (Mix No.1) was linear whereas it was more sharp for the other mixes. The behaviour of normal strength concrete (Mix No.1) was linear up to 20 % of ultimate strength, while for the mixes with the higher strength i.e. polymer modified concrete and fibers reinforced concrete (Mixes No.2, 3 and 4) the linear portion increases up to about 50 % of ultimate strength

Thermal behaviour of concrete walls for hot climate region instead of common bricks

Atif Ali Hassan

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2013, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 1-18
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2013.80536

To reduce using the brick as a unloaded walls in frame building by using concrete parts to preproduction walls and is assemble in working area , the suggested wall is consist of a double parts (1000x500x140)mm with 50mm insulating material and arrangement parts by roller bolts with building frame and covered by sheets as external finishing material, and used a gypsum layer of 3mm thickness as an internal finishing material, therefore, the total wall thickness is 200mm.
The thermal behavior of that suggested wall was measured for 15 hour/day for one day in July month. in Baghdad climate region (33.2 N°).
The researcher found that, the metal sheet which paint with thermal & plastic paints cover that suggestive wall is gave more energy saving when it compared with brick wall (240mm,120mm) and the saving value was increased when uses reeds stalks sheay 50mm (thickness) as an insulating material among the concrete wall instead of air gap.

Improvement Of Compressibility Of Gypseous Soil

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2008, Volume 5, Issue 12, Pages 1-8
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2008.14155

 
The gypseous soils are distributed in many locations in Iraq. The Engineering properties of such soil will be changed when it is wetted and it leads to failure which causes danger on the structures built on. This reason needs to study its properties and to find the way to treat it. In this study, natural properties of soil prepared from Samarra-Salah al deen governorate were studied. The gypsum content of soil is about 32%. To improve this soil, many trials were carried out on the soil by additive of Portland cement and calcium chloride. For the importance of the compressibility of the soil, the effect of the additives were studied and it is found that addition of 3% of cement or 5% of calcium chloride will improve the soil compressibility.

INFLUNCE OF INCREASING WATER:CEMENT RATIO ON THE SOME PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE CONTAINS LOW CONTENT OF POLYMER

Abdulkader Ismail Al-Hadithi

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2005, Volume 3, Issue 6, Pages 26-36
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2005.65619

1-AbstractThis research includes the variation effect of (W/C) water: cement ratio on the properties as compressive strength , flxural strength , density and workability of concrete contains low Polymer SBR ratio.1:2:4 (cement: sand :gravel) by weight mixes were used . The polymer was added as percentages of cement weight and it was 2%. Reference mix was made. Water cement ratio (w/c) were used are 0.2 , 0.3 , 0.4 , 0.5 and 0.6 respectively and 0.35 (w/c) was used for reference mix . The density of concrete varied between 2030 kg/m3 and 2360 kg/m3.

The Environmental Effect Reduction On Internal Space Temperature By External Walls Covering (Experimental Study)

Atif Ali Hassan

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2012, Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 45-58
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2012.68991

The object of this paper was reduced the heat transferred quantities from or to internal building space by covering it's external walls with many materials, therefore, the researcher build the (1x1x2) m room sample at 3rd floor for building in Baghdad city (L = 33.2 N°), and (1x2)m wall has East orientation , while the other surfaces were insulated by 200 mm styropor sheets, and using Air – Conditioner 0.5 Ton of refrigeration to afford the standard thermal comfort.
The researcher found that, the metal sheet painted with thermal plastic paint with 10 mm thermal insulation used as a cover layer for ordinary wall saved 57% from electrical energy consumption in Air-Conditioner, while used that material without insulation layer gives 46.2% , hollow plastic board (for decorative used) gives 42.5% , hollow faced brick with thermal insulation gives 40.22%, solid flooring brick with thermal insulation gives 39.5% , colour metal sheets with air – gap gives 36.4%, asbestos – cement board coated by reflective aluminum paint gives 34%, the ceramic with thermal insulation gives 31.9%, while all the material – marble , porcelene , hallan stone , fiberglass sheets with 10 mm thermal insulation will gives the electrical energy reduction percentage less than 30% .

BEHAVIOR OF MULTI-LAYER COMPOSITE BEAMS WITH PARTIAL INTERACTION "PART I "

Khalel I. Aziz; Zeyad M. Ali; Riyadh I. M. Al-Amery

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2007, Volume 4, Issue 8, Pages 1-18
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2007.14137

ABSTRACT: In this study an attempt is made to develop a method of analysis dealing with a multi-layer composite beam, for linear material and shear connector behavior in which the slip (horizontal displacement) and uplift force (vertical displacement) are taken into consideration. The analysis is based on a approach presented by Roberts[1], which takes into consideration horizontal and vertical displacement in interfaces. The analysis led to a set of eight differential equations contains derivatives of the fourth and third order. A program based on the present analysis is built. Series of three push-out tests were carried out to investigate the capacity of shear stiffness for connectors. From these tests, load-slip curves were obtained. Also, series of multi-layer composite simply supported beams were tested. Each one consists of three layers in different material properties and dimensions. A comparison between the experimental values and numerical analysis is carried out. Close agreement is obtained with experimental values for different materials, layers thickness and shear stiffness.

تطویر الأداء الإداری لدوائر المشاریع الهندسیة بالاعتماد على متطلبات إدارة الجودة (الایزو9001 2000)(دائرة المشاریع الهندسیة فی جامعة تکریت حالة دراسیة)

Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2010, Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages 14-31
DOI: 10.37650/ijce.2010.14130

Considering the corporations of the projects engineering in the universities from important corporations because they which work from projects contribute in prosperity and development of construction.
Although for the quality management importance and concept application on the effects of these corporations, therefore must be first application quality management in these projects.
The aim of this research to study the management system which used in the engineering affairs corporation (University of Tikrit study case). The harmony evaluation purpose between the management systems with the quality management system dependency on the tests menus which limited I.S.O. 9001/2000 and visit the corporation of projects engineering in university of tikrit for study the management system.
Where as a questionnaire form was prepared, included answer on the questions of the tests menus, questionnaire distributed on the group of corporation engineering staff and some engineers whose they worked past in this corporation to fill the answers on questionnaire.
The questionnaire results show that this corporation suffer disadvantage very clear in the corporation system structure. After that the Researchers suggest the management system build which can be more active and with high response on requirements of quality managemen