One of the most significant aspects of developing any region is establishing a viable road network and determining the relationship between landscape use and road networks. Adequate connectivity and direction are essential for the proper construction of any network. However, the Al-Ramadi road network has received far less attention and appraisal. As a result, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the current road network link in Al-Ramadi city. In addition, the GIS application was used in this study to show the city's primary features. The Alpha index, Beta index, Gamma index, and Eta index were utilized to evaluate the road network in this research. The primary goal of this research is to evaluate how successful the road network is in containing current road traffic and to make recommendations for the future traffic management efficiency to accommodate increase. The findings show that immediate upgrades, such as the construction of new roadways, are essential.
The reduction of gases emissions as one of its most significant long-term strategies in any country in the world. Many Iraqi cities suffered from the uncontrolled increasing in the number of vehicles which has a positive relationship with the emission of gases especially the carbon monoxide. This study aims to evaluate the effect of traffic characteristics such as logarithm of average flow, the percentage of heavy vehicles, and free flow speed on the emission of carbon monoxide. The study selected the main roads in Al- Ramadi network, the data was collected for traffic characteristics and carbon monoxide between 2018 to 2020. A random parameters approach was used to develop a model to estimate the carbon monoxide emission for 345 roadway segments, this approach was used due to the ability of this method to account the heterogeneity that raised from the traffic characteristics which led to predict more accurate results than other approaches. The results of the random parameters model show that the carbon monoxide emission increased due to increase of logarithm of average flow, the percentage of heavy vehicles, and free flow speed. The model results show that the parameters of logarithm of average flow, the percentage of heavy vehicles, and free flow speed was varied a cross the roadway segments.